Chihuahua

Chihuahuas are one of the smallest and most affectionate dog breeds in the world. Native to northern Mexico, Chihuahuas are noted for their small size, long, erect ears and longevity. In addition, they show a cheerful and loyal character.

General details

The breed has a small size and compact body. Males can weigh between 1.5 and 3 kg, while females range between 1.5 and 3 kg. The height in males is between 18 and 22 cm and in females between 18 and 22 cm. Their life expectancy is 13 to 18 years. They belong to Group 9 of the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI), which groups companion dogs.

Breed history in brief

Chihuahuas are one of the oldest dog breeds in the world. Their origin is closely linked to human culture and their name comes from the Mexican region of Chihuahua, although some studies indicate that their origin can be traced back even further to the Andes region.The first evidence of the existence of Chihuahuas was found in the archaeological site of Tres Zapotes, dating back to the 4th century. Chihuahuas were introduced to the United States in the 1880s. Since then, they have become one of the most popular dog breeds, especially among middle-class people. Today, Chihuahuas are used for a variety of purposes. They are closely related to fashion, as some celebrities have adopted them as pets, and they are also used as therapy dogs and as companion animals.

Breed characteristics

This dog breed has a compact and slender body, with a broad skull and a rectangular muzzle. It has long, erect ears, which gives it a characteristic air. The eyes are large, expressive and round. Its tail is long and, in movement, is carried high, arched or in a semicircle with the tip towards the back, while, at rest, it is hanging with a slight hook. As for the coat, it generally has a brown, white or gray coat. Sometimes dogs of this breed are also found with a two-colored coat. The coat is short, smooth and soft. This type of dog is known for its lively and active character. It is very intelligent and loyal, and is an excellent companion for people.

Common health problems

The Chihuahua breed is characterized by good health. However, they are prone to develop certain disorders or pathologies such as syringomyelia, alopecia, corneal dystrophy, cryptorchidism, demodicosis, glaucoma, hydrocephalus, hip dysplasia, keratoconjunctivitis, mitral valve dysplasia, patellar luxation, patent ductus arteriosus, progressive retinal atrophy, pulmonary stenosis and spina bifida. In addition to the above conditions, the OFA (Orthopedic Foundation for Animals) Canine Health Information Center (CHIC) recommends a cardiac and eye screening examination.